484 lines
13 KiB
Markdown
484 lines
13 KiB
Markdown
# Lolly
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[](https://golang.org)
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[](LICENSE)
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高性能 HTTP 服务器与反向代理，使用 Go 语言编写。
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基于 [fasthttp](https://github.com/valyala/fasthttp) 构建，提供比标准 net/http 更高的性能。支持 HTTP/3 (QUIC)、WebSocket、虚拟主机、多种负载均衡算法、故障转移，以及完整的安全与性能优化特性。
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## 特性
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### 核心功能
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- **静态文件服务** - 零拷贝传输（sendfile）、文件缓存、预压缩支持、try_files 配置
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- **反向代理** - 完整的代理功能，支持请求头/响应头修改、超时控制、故障转移（next_upstream）
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- **HTTP/3 (QUIC)** - 基于 quic-go，支持 0-RTT 连接
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- **WebSocket** - 完整的 WebSocket 代理支持
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- **虚拟主机** - 单进程支持多域名独立配置
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- **TCP/UDP Stream** - 四层代理，支持 MySQL、Redis 等服务
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- **自定义错误页面** - 支持为特定状态码配置自定义错误页面
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### 负载均衡
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| 算法 | 说明 |
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|------|------|
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| Round Robin | 轮询，均匀分配 |
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| Weighted Round Robin | 加权轮询，按权重分配 |
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| Least Connections | 最少连接，选择活跃连接最少的目标 |
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| IP Hash | IP 哈希，同一客户端始终路由到同一目标 |
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| Consistent Hash | 一致性哈希，支持虚拟节点，最小化节点变更影响 |
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### 故障转移
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支持 `next_upstream` 配置，当后端返回特定错误状态码（502/503/504）或连接失败时，自动重试下一个可用后端：
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```yaml
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proxy:
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- path: "/api"
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next_upstream:
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tries: 3
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http_codes: [502, 503, 504]
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```
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### 安全
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- **访问控制** - IP/CIDR 白名单与黑名单
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- **速率限制** - 令牌桶与滑动窗口算法
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- **连接限制** - 单 IP 并发连接数限制
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- **认证** - Basic Auth，支持 bcrypt 与 argon2id
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- **安全头部** - HSTS、X-Frame-Options、CSP、Referrer-Policy
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- **SSL/TLS** - OCSP Stapling、TLS 1.2/1.3、加密套件配置
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- **请求体限制** - 可配置全局和路径级别的请求体大小限制
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### 性能优化
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- **Goroutine 池** - 限制并发 worker 数量，避免 goroutine 爆炸
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- **文件缓存** - LRU 淘汰策略，内存上限控制
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- **连接池** - 空闲连接复用，减少连接建立开销
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- **零拷贝** - 大文件传输使用 sendfile 系统调用
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- **代理缓存** - 支持缓存后端响应，防止缓存击穿
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- **PGO 优化** - 支持 Profile-Guided Optimization 构建
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### 运维
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- **热升级** - USR2 信号触发，零停机升级
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- **配置热重载** - HUP 信号触发，动态更新配置
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- **日志轮转** - USR1 信号触发，重新打开日志文件
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- **优雅关闭** - QUIT 信号触发，等待请求完成
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- **状态监控** - 内置状态端点，统计连接数、请求数、流量
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- **pprof 端点** - 内置性能分析端点，支持 PGO 优化
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## 安装
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### 构建
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```bash
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# 克隆仓库
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git clone https://github.com/xfy/lolly.git
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cd lolly
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# 本地构建
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make build
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# 生产构建（体积优化）
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make build-prod
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# 性能构建（最大运行时性能）
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make build-perf
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# PGO 构建（需先收集 profile）
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make pgo-collect # 查看收集指南
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make build-pgo
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# 跨平台构建
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make build-all
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```
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构建产物位于 `bin/` 目录。
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### 运行
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```bash
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# 使用默认配置
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./bin/lolly
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# 指定配置文件
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./bin/lolly -c /path/to/lolly.yaml
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# 生成默认配置
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./bin/lolly --generate-config -o lolly.yaml
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# 显示版本
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./bin/lolly -v
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```
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## 配置
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配置文件使用 YAML 格式。以下是完整配置示例：
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```yaml
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server:
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listen: ":8080"
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name: "example.com"
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read_timeout: 30s
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write_timeout: 30s
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idle_timeout: 120s
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max_conns_per_ip: 100
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max_requests_per_conn: 1000
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client_max_body_size: "10MB"
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static:
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- path: "/"
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root: "/var/www/html"
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index: ["index.html", "index.htm"]
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try_files: ["$uri", "$uri/", "/index.html"]
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try_files_pass: false
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- path: "/assets/"
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root: "/var/www/assets"
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proxy:
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- path: "/api"
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targets:
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- url: "http://backend1:8080"
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weight: 2
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- url: "http://backend2:8080"
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weight: 1
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load_balance: "weighted_round_robin"
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health_check:
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interval: 10s
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path: "/health"
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timeout: 5s
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next_upstream:
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tries: 3
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http_codes: [502, 503, 504]
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timeout:
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connect: 5s
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read: 30s
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write: 30s
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headers:
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set_request:
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X-Forwarded-For: "$remote_addr"
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X-Real-IP: "$remote_addr"
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set_response:
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X-Proxy-By: "lolly"
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cache:
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enabled: true
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max_age: 5m
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cache_lock: true
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stale_while_revalidate: 1m
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client_max_body_size: "50MB"
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ssl:
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cert: "/etc/ssl/certs/server.crt"
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key: "/etc/ssl/private/server.key"
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cert_chain: "/etc/ssl/certs/chain.crt"
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protocols: ["TLSv1.2", "TLSv1.3"]
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ocsp_stapling: true
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hsts:
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max_age: 31536000
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include_sub_domains: true
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preload: false
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security:
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access:
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allow: ["192.168.1.0/24", "10.0.0.0/8"]
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deny: []
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default: "deny"
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trusted_proxies: ["172.16.0.0/16"]
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rate_limit:
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request_rate: 100
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burst: 200
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conn_limit: 50
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algorithm: "token_bucket"
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auth:
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type: "basic"
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require_tls: true
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algorithm: "bcrypt"
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realm: "Secure Area"
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users:
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- name: "admin"
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password: "$2y$10$N9qo8uLOickgx2ZMRZoMy..."
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headers:
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x_frame_options: "DENY"
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x_content_type_options: "nosniff"
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content_security_policy: "default-src 'self'"
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referrer_policy: "strict-origin-when-cross-origin"
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error_page:
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pages:
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404: "/var/www/errors/404.html"
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500: "/var/www/errors/500.html"
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default: "/var/www/errors/error.html"
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rewrite:
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- pattern: "^/old/(.*)$"
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replacement: "/new/$1"
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flag: "permanent"
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compression:
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type: "gzip"
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level: 6
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min_size: 1024
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types: ["text/html", "text/css", "application/javascript", "application/json"]
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gzip_static: true
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gzip_static_extensions: [".gz", ".br"]
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http3:
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enabled: true
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listen: ":443"
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max_streams: 1000
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idle_timeout: 30s
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enable_0rtt: true
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stream:
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- listen: ":3306"
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protocol: "tcp"
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upstream:
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targets:
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- addr: "mysql1:3306"
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weight: 3
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- addr: "mysql2:3306"
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weight: 1
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load_balance: "round_robin"
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logging:
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format: "json"
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access:
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path: "/var/log/lolly/access.log"
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format: "combined"
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error:
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path: "/var/log/lolly/error.log"
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level: "info"
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performance:
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goroutine_pool:
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enabled: true
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max_workers: 10000
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min_workers: 100
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idle_timeout: 60s
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file_cache:
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max_entries: 50000
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max_size: 268435456 # 256MB
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inactive: 60s
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transport:
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max_idle_conns_per_host: 100
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idle_conn_timeout: 90s
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max_conns_per_host: 500
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monitoring:
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status:
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path: "/status"
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allow: ["127.0.0.1", "10.0.0.0/8"]
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pprof:
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enabled: false
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path: "/debug/pprof"
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allow: ["127.0.0.1"]
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```
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完整配置说明请参考源码 `internal/config/config.go`。
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## 架构
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```
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internal/
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├── app/ # 应用入口、信号处理、生命周期
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│ └── app.go # 主程序逻辑
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├── config/ # 配置加载、验证、默认值
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│ ├── config.go # 配置结构定义
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│ ├── defaults.go # 默认配置
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│ └── validate.go # 配置验证
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├── server/ # HTTP 服务器核心
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│ ├── server.go # 服务器实现
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│ ├── vhost.go # 虚拟主机管理
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│ ├── pool.go # Goroutine 池
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│ ├── status.go # 状态端点
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│ ├── pprof.go # pprof 端点
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│ └── upgrade.go # 热升级管理
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├── handler/ # 请求处理器
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│ ├── router.go # 路由器
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│ ├── static.go # 静态文件处理
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│ ├── sendfile.go # 零拷贝传输
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│ └── errorpage.go # 错误页面管理
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├── proxy/ # 反向代理
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│ ├── proxy.go # 代理核心逻辑
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│ ├── websocket.go # WebSocket 代理
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│ └── health.go # 健康检查
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├── loadbalance/ # 负载均衡算法
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│ ├── balancer.go # 算法实现
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│ └── consistent_hash.go # 一致性哈希
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├── middleware/ # 中间件链
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│ ├── middleware.go # 中间件接口
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│ ├── compression/ # Gzip/Brotli 压缩
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│ ├── security/ # 访问控制、限流、认证、安全头部
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│ ├── rewrite/ # URL 重写
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│ ├── accesslog/ # 访问日志
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│ ├── bodylimit/ # 请求体大小限制
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│ └── errorintercept/ # 错误页面拦截
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├── http3/ # HTTP/3 服务器
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│ ├── server.go # QUIC 服务器
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│ └── adapter.go # HTTP/3 适配器
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├── stream/ # TCP/UDP Stream 代理
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│ └── stream.go # 四层代理实现
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├── ssl/ # TLS 配置
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│ ├── ssl.go # TLS 管理器
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│ └── ocsp.go # OCSP Stapling
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├── cache/ # 缓存系统
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│ └── file_cache.go # 文件缓存、代理缓存
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├── logging/ # 日志系统
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│ └── logging.go # 结构化日志
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├── netutil/ # 网络工具
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│ ├── ip.go # IP 解析
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│ └── url.go # URL 处理
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└── benchmark/ # 基准测试工具
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└── tools/ # 测试辅助工具
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```
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### 核心设计
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#### 中间件链
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请求处理流程：
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```
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Request → AccessLog → AccessControl → RateLimiter → Auth → BodyLimit → Rewrite → Compression → SecurityHeaders → ErrorIntercept → Handler
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```
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#### 负载均衡
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所有负载均衡器实现 `Balancer` 接口，支持健康目标过滤和故障转移排除：
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```go
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type Balancer interface {
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Select(targets []*Target) *Target
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SelectExcluding(targets []*Target, excluded []*Target) *Target
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}
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```
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#### 代理缓存
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支持：
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- 缓存锁（防止缓存击穿）
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- 过期缓存复用（stale-while-revalidate）
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- 后台刷新
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## 信号处理
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| 信号 | 行为 |
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|------|------|
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| SIGTERM, SIGINT | 快速停止 |
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| SIGQUIT | 优雅停止，等待请求完成 |
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| SIGHUP | 重载配置 |
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| SIGUSR1 | 重新打开日志文件 |
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| SIGUSR2 | 热升级 |
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## 开发
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### 环境要求
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- Go 1.26+
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- make
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### 命令
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```bash
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# 运行测试
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make test
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# 测试覆盖率
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make test-cover
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# 基准测试
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make bench
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# 基准测试（统计模式）
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make bench-stat
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# 对比基准结果
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make bench-compare
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# 代码检查
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make check
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# 格式化
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make fmt
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# 静态分析
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make lint
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```
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### 项目统计
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- Go 文件：125
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- 提交次数：137
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- 版本：v0.2.0
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- 测试覆盖：各核心模块均有完整测试
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## 性能
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基于 fasthttp，相比标准 net/http 有显著性能提升：
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- 避免不必要的内存分配
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- 优化的事件循环
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- 高效的连接池管理
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- 零拷贝传输
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- Goroutine 池复用
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### PGO 优化
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支持 Profile-Guided Optimization 构建，可获得额外 5-15% 性能提升：
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```bash
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# 1. 启用 pprof 端点
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# 2. 运行代表性工作负载
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# 3. 收集 CPU profile
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curl http://localhost:8080/debug/pprof/profile?seconds=30 > default.pgo
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# 4. 使用 PGO 构建
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make build-pgo
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```
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建议生产环境配置：
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```yaml
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performance:
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goroutine_pool:
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enabled: true
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max_workers: 10000
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min_workers: 100
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idle_timeout: 60s
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file_cache:
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max_entries: 50000
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max_size: 268435456 # 256MB
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transport:
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max_idle_conns_per_host: 100
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idle_conn_timeout: 90s
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```
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## 与 NGINX 对比
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| 特性 | Lolly | NGINX |
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|------|-------|-------|
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| HTTP/3 | 支持 | 1.25+ 支持 |
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| 配置格式 | YAML | 自定义格式 |
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| 热升级 | 支持 | 支持 |
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| 扩展方式 | Go 代码 | C 模块/Lua |
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| 部署 | 单二进制 | 需安装 |
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| 内存占用 | 较低 | 较低 |
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| 故障转移 | 支持 | 支持 |
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| 代理缓存 | 支持 | 支持 |
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## 依赖
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- [fasthttp](https://github.com/valyala/fasthttp) - 高性能 HTTP 服务器
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- [quic-go](https://github.com/quic-go/quic-go) - QUIC/HTTP/3 实现
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- [zerolog](https://github.com/rs/zerolog) - 高性能日志库
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- [klauspost/compress](https://github.com/klauspost/compress) - 压缩算法
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- [fasthttp/router](https://github.com/fasthttp/router) - 高性能路由器
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## 许可证
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MIT License
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## 作者
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xfy |