993 lines
26 KiB
Markdown
993 lines
26 KiB
Markdown
# Lolly
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[](https://golang.org)
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[](LICENSE)
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高性能 HTTP 服务器与反向代理，使用 Go 语言编写。
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基于 [fasthttp](https://github.com/valyala/fasthttp) 构建，提供比标准 net/http 更高的性能。支持 HTTP/3 (QUIC)、WebSocket、虚拟主机、多种负载均衡算法、故障转移，以及完整的安全与性能优化特性。
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## 特性
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### 核心功能
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- **静态文件服务** - 零拷贝传输（sendfile）、文件缓存、预压缩支持、try_files 配置、符号链接安全检查
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- **反向代理** - 完整的代理功能，支持请求头/响应头修改、超时控制、故障转移（next_upstream）、Location/Refresh 头改写
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- **HTTP/3 (QUIC)** - 基于 quic-go，支持 0-RTT 连接
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- **WebSocket** - 完整的 WebSocket 代理支持
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- **虚拟主机** - 单进程支持多域名独立配置，server_name 支持通配符和正则匹配
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- **多服务器模式** - 单配置文件支持多个独立 server 实例
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- **Location 匹配** - nginx 风格的精确/前缀/正则匹配引擎
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- **Unix Socket** - 支持 Unix socket 监听
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- **配置引入** - include 指令支持配置拆分
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- **TCP/UDP Stream** - 四层代理，支持 MySQL、Redis 等服务
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- **Lua 脚本** - 基于 gopher-lua 的可编程扩展，支持 nginx-lua 兼容 API（ngx.var/ngx.ctx/ngx.req/ngx.resp/ngx.timer/ngx.location.capture/ngx.shared.DICT）
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- **GeoIP 过滤** - 基于 MaxMind GeoIP2 的国家/地区访问控制
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- **自定义错误页面** - 支持为特定状态码配置自定义错误页面
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### 负载均衡
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| 算法 | 说明 |
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|------|------|
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| Round Robin | 轮询，均匀分配 |
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| Weighted Round Robin | 加权轮询，按权重分配 |
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| Least Connections | 最少连接，选择活跃连接最少的目标 |
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| IP Hash | IP 哈希，同一客户端始终路由到同一目标 |
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| Consistent Hash | 一致性哈希，支持虚拟节点（默认 150），最小化节点变更影响 |
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### 故障转移
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支持 `next_upstream` 配置，当后端返回特定错误状态码（502/503/504）或连接失败时，自动重试下一个可用后端：
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```yaml
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proxy:
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- path: "/api"
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next_upstream:
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tries: 3
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http_codes: [502, 503, 504]
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```
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### 安全
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- **访问控制** - IP/CIDR 白名单与黑名单，支持 trusted_proxies 配置
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- **GeoIP 过滤** - 基于 MaxMind GeoIP2 数据库的国家/地区访问控制
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- **速率限制** - 令牌桶与滑动窗口算法，支持精确/近似模式
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- **连接限制** - 单 IP 并发连接数限制
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- **认证** - Basic Auth，支持 bcrypt 与 argon2id；外部 auth_request 子请求
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- **安全头部** - HSTS、X-Frame-Options、CSP、Referrer-Policy
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- **SSL/TLS** - OCSP Stapling、TLS 1.2/1.3、加密套件配置、Session Tickets 密钥轮换
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- **请求体限制** - 可配置全局和路径级别的请求体大小限制
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### 性能优化
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- **Goroutine 池** - 限制并发 worker 数量，避免 goroutine 爆炸
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- **文件缓存** - LRU 淘汰策略，内存上限控制
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- **连接池** - 空闲连接复用，减少连接建立开销
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- **零拷贝** - 大文件（≥8KB）传输使用 sendfile 系统调用
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- **代理缓存** - 支持缓存后端响应，cache_lock 防止缓存击穿
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- **PGO 优化** - 支持 Profile-Guided Optimization 构建
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### 运维
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- **热升级** - USR2 信号触发，零停机升级
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- **配置热重载** - HUP 信号触发，动态更新配置
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- **日志轮转** - USR1 信号触发，重新打开日志文件
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- **优雅关闭** - QUIT 信号触发，等待请求完成
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- **状态监控** - 内置状态端点，统计连接数、请求数、流量
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- **pprof 端点** - 内置性能分析端点，支持 PGO 优化
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## 安装
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### 构建
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```bash
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# 克隆仓库
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git clone https://github.com/xfy/lolly.git
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cd lolly
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# 本地构建
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make build
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# 生产构建（体积优化）
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make build-prod
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# 性能构建（最大运行时性能）
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make build-perf
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# PGO 构建（需先收集 profile）
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make pgo-collect # 查看收集指南
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make build-pgo
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# 跨平台构建
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make build-all
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```
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构建产物位于 `bin/` 目录。
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### 运行
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```bash
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# 使用默认配置
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./bin/lolly
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# 指定配置文件
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./bin/lolly -c /path/to/lolly.yaml
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# 生成默认配置
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./bin/lolly --generate-config -o lolly.yaml
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# 显示版本
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./bin/lolly -v
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```
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## 配置
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配置文件使用 YAML 格式。以下是完整配置示例：
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```yaml
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server:
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listen: ":8080"
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name: "example.com"
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read_timeout: 30s
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write_timeout: 30s
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idle_timeout: 120s
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max_conns_per_ip: 100
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max_requests_per_conn: 1000
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client_max_body_size: "10MB"
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static:
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- path: "/"
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root: "/var/www/html"
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index: ["index.html", "index.htm"]
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try_files: ["$uri", "$uri/", "/index.html"]
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try_files_pass: false
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- path: "/assets/"
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root: "/var/www/assets"
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proxy:
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- path: "/api"
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targets:
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- url: "http://backend1:8080"
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weight: 2
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- url: "http://backend2:8080"
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weight: 1
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load_balance: "weighted_round_robin"
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health_check:
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interval: 10s
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path: "/health"
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timeout: 5s
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next_upstream:
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tries: 3
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http_codes: [502, 503, 504]
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timeout:
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connect: 5s
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read: 30s
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write: 30s
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headers:
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set_request:
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X-Forwarded-For: "$remote_addr"
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X-Real-IP: "$remote_addr"
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set_response:
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X-Proxy-By: "lolly"
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cache:
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enabled: true
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max_age: 5m
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cache_lock: true
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stale_while_revalidate: 1m
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client_max_body_size: "50MB"
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ssl:
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cert: "/etc/ssl/certs/server.crt"
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key: "/etc/ssl/private/server.key"
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cert_chain: "/etc/ssl/certs/chain.crt"
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protocols: ["TLSv1.2", "TLSv1.3"]
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ocsp_stapling: true
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hsts:
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max_age: 31536000
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include_sub_domains: true
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preload: false
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security:
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access:
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allow: ["192.168.1.0/24", "10.0.0.0/8"]
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deny: []
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default: "deny"
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trusted_proxies: ["172.16.0.0/16"]
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geoip:
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database: "/var/lib/GeoIP/GeoIP2-Country.mmdb"
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allow_countries: ["CN", "US"]
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deny_countries: []
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default: "deny"
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rate_limit:
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request_rate: 100
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burst: 200
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conn_limit: 50
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algorithm: "token_bucket"
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auth:
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type: "basic"
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require_tls: true
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algorithm: "bcrypt"
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realm: "Secure Area"
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users:
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- name: "admin"
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password: "$2y$10$N9qo8uLOickgx2ZMRZoMy..."
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headers:
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x_frame_options: "DENY"
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x_content_type_options: "nosniff"
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content_security_policy: "default-src 'self'"
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referrer_policy: "strict-origin-when-cross-origin"
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error_page:
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pages:
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404: "/var/www/errors/404.html"
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500: "/var/www/errors/500.html"
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default: "/var/www/errors/error.html"
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rewrite:
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- pattern: "^/old/(.*)$"
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replacement: "/new/$1"
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flag: "permanent"
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compression:
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type: "gzip"
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level: 6
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min_size: 1024
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types: ["text/html", "text/css", "application/javascript", "application/json"]
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gzip_static: true
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gzip_static_extensions: [".gz", ".br"]
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lua:
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enabled: true
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package_path: "/etc/lolly/lua/?.lua"
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code_cache:
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enabled: true
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ttl: 60s
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max_concurrent: 1000
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timeout: 30s
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phases:
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rewrite: "/etc/lolly/lua/rewrite.lua"
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access: "/etc/lolly/lua/access.lua"
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content: "/etc/lolly/lua/content.lua"
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log: "/etc/lolly/lua/log.lua"
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http3:
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enabled: true
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listen: ":443"
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max_streams: 1000
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idle_timeout: 30s
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enable_0rtt: true
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stream:
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- listen: ":3306"
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protocol: "tcp"
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upstream:
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targets:
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- addr: "mysql1:3306"
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weight: 3
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- addr: "mysql2:3306"
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weight: 1
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load_balance: "round_robin"
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logging:
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format: "json"
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access:
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path: "/var/log/lolly/access.log"
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format: "combined"
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error:
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path: "/var/log/lolly/error.log"
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level: "info"
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performance:
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goroutine_pool:
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enabled: true
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max_workers: 10000
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min_workers: 100
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idle_timeout: 60s
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file_cache:
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max_entries: 50000
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max_size: 268435456 # 256MB
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inactive: 60s
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transport:
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idle_conn_timeout: 90s
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max_conns_per_host: 500
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monitoring:
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status:
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path: "/status"
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allow: ["127.0.0.1", "10.0.0.0/8"]
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pprof:
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enabled: false
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path: "/debug/pprof"
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allow: ["127.0.0.1"]
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```
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完整配置说明请参考 `config.example.yaml` 和源码 `internal/config/config.go`。
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## 架构
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```
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+------------------+
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| Client |
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+--------+---------+
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+-------------------+-------------------+
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+----v----+ +-----v-----+ +----v----+
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| HTTP/1 | | HTTP/2 | | HTTP/3 |
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| (TCP) | | (TLS) | | (QUIC) |
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+----+----+ +-----+-----+ +----+----+
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| | |
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+-------------------+-------------------+
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+--------v---------+
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| Middleware |
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| Chain |
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+--------+---------+
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+-------------------+-------------------+
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+----v----+ +-----v-----+ +----v----+
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| Static | | Proxy | | Stream |
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| Handler | | Handler | | Handler |
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+----+----+ +-----+-----+ +----+----+
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| | |
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File Cache Load Balancer L4 Proxy
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+----+----+ +-----v-----+ +----v----+
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| Disk | | Upstream | | Backend |
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| I/O | | Targets | | Servers |
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+---------+ +-----------+ +---------+
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```
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### 目录结构
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```
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internal/
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├── app/ # 应用入口、信号处理、生命周期
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│ └── app.go # 主程序逻辑
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├── config/ # 配置加载、验证、默认值
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│ ├── config.go # 配置结构定义
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│ ├── defaults.go # 默认配置
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│ └── validate.go # 配置验证
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├── server/ # HTTP 服务器核心
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│ ├── server.go # 服务器实现
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│ ├── vhost.go # 虚拟主机管理
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│ ├── pool.go # Goroutine 池
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│ ├── status.go # 状态端点
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│ ├── pprof.go # pprof 端点
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│ └── upgrade.go # 热升级管理
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├── handler/ # 请求处理器
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│ ├── router.go # 路由器
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│ ├── static.go # 静态文件处理
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│ ├── sendfile.go # 零拷贝传输
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│ └── errorpage.go # 错误页面管理
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├── proxy/ # 反向代理
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│ ├── proxy.go # 代理核心逻辑
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│ ├── websocket.go # WebSocket 代理
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│ └── health.go # 健康检查
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├── loadbalance/ # 负载均衡算法
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│ ├── balancer.go # 算法实现
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│ └── consistent_hash.go # 一致性哈希
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├── middleware/ # 中间件链
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│ ├── middleware.go # 中间件接口
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│ ├── compression/ # Gzip/Brotli 压缩
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│ ├── security/ # 访问控制、限流、认证、安全头部
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│ ├── rewrite/ # URL 重写
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│ ├── accesslog/ # 访问日志
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│ ├── bodylimit/ # 请求体大小限制
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│ └── errorintercept/ # 错误页面拦截
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├── lua/ # Lua 脚本引擎
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│ ├── engine.go # gopher-lua 引擎
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│ ├── context.go # Lua 请求上下文
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│ └── api_*.go # nginx-lua 兼容 API
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├── http3/ # HTTP/3 服务器
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│ ├── server.go # QUIC 服务器
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│ └── adapter.go # HTTP/3 适配器
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├── stream/ # TCP/UDP Stream 代理
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│ └── stream.go # 四层代理实现
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├── ssl/ # TLS 配置
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│ ├── ssl.go # TLS 管理器
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│ ├── ocsp.go # OCSP Stapling
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│ └── session_tickets.go # Session Tickets 密钥轮换
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├── cache/ # 缓存系统
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│ ├── file_cache.go # 文件缓存
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│ └── purge.go # 代理缓存
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├── resolver/ # DNS 解析器
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│ └── resolver.go # TTL 缓存、异步解析
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├── variable/ # 变量系统
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│ └── variable.go # 日志/头部变量
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├── logging/ # 日志系统
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│ └── logging.go # 结构化日志（zerolog）
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├── netutil/ # 网络工具
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│ ├── ip.go # IP 解析
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│ └── url.go # URL 处理
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└── benchmark/ # 基准测试工具
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└── tools/ # 测试辅助工具
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```
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### 核心设计
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#### 中间件链
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请求处理流程：
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```
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Request → AccessLog → AccessControl → RateLimiter → Auth → AuthRequest → BodyLimit →
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Rewrite → Compression → SecurityHeaders → ErrorIntercept → Handler
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```
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每个中间件实现 `Middleware` 接口：
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```go
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type Middleware interface {
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Name() string
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Process(next fasthttp.RequestHandler) fasthttp.RequestHandler
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}
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```
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#### 负载均衡
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所有负载均衡器实现 `Balancer` 接口，支持健康目标过滤和故障转移排除：
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```go
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type Balancer interface {
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Select(targets []*Target) *Target
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SelectExcluding(targets []*Target, excluded []*Target) *Target
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}
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```
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#### 代理缓存
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支持：
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- **缓存锁**（cache_lock）- 防止缓存击穿，同一缓存键只允许一个请求访问后端
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- **过期复用**（stale-while-revalidate）- 允许在后台刷新时返回过期缓存
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- **后台刷新** - 异步更新缓存，不影响请求响应时间
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## Lua 脚本
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Lolly 提供基于 gopher-lua 的 Lua 脚本扩展能力，支持 nginx-lua 兼容 API。
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### 执行阶段
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```
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请求到达 → rewrite → access → content → header_filter → body_filter → log → 响应返回
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
| 阶段 | 说明 | 可用操作 |
|
||
|------|------|----------|
|
||
| rewrite | URL 重写 | ngx.req.set_uri, ngx.req.set_uri_args |
|
||
| access | 访问控制 | ngx.exit, ngx.req.get_headers |
|
||
| content | 内容生成 | ngx.say, ngx.print, ngx.exit |
|
||
| header_filter | 响应头修改 | ngx.header[key] = value |
|
||
| body_filter | 响应体修改 | ngx.arg[1] 操作响应体 |
|
||
| log | 日志记录 | ngx.log, 记录请求信息 |
|
||
|
||
### 支持的 API
|
||
|
||
```lua
|
||
-- 日志
|
||
ngx.log(ngx.ERR, "error message")
|
||
ngx.log(ngx.WARN, "warning message")
|
||
ngx.log(ngx.INFO, "info message")
|
||
|
||
-- 请求操作
|
||
local uri = ngx.var.uri
|
||
local args = ngx.req.get_uri_args()
|
||
ngx.req.set_uri("/new_path")
|
||
ngx.req.set_header("X-Custom", "value")
|
||
|
||
-- 响应操作
|
||
ngx.header["X-Response"] = "value"
|
||
ngx.say("Hello World")
|
||
ngx.exit(200)
|
||
|
||
-- 共享字典
|
||
local dict = ngx.shared.DICT
|
||
dict:set("key", "value", 3600)
|
||
local val = dict:get("key")
|
||
|
||
-- Socket（受限）
|
||
local sock = ngx.socket.tcp()
|
||
sock:connect("127.0.0.1", 8080)
|
||
sock:send("GET / HTTP/1.0\r\n\r\n")
|
||
local response = sock:receive("*a")
|
||
sock:close()
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 示例脚本
|
||
|
||
**rewrite.lua** - URL 重写：
|
||
|
||
```lua
|
||
-- 将 /api/v1/* 重写为 /v1/*
|
||
local uri = ngx.var.uri
|
||
if string.match(uri, "^/api/v1/") then
|
||
local new_uri = string.gsub(uri, "^/api/", "")
|
||
ngx.req.set_uri(new_uri)
|
||
end
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
**access.lua** - 访问控制：
|
||
|
||
```lua
|
||
-- 检查请求头中的 token
|
||
local token = ngx.req.get_headers()["X-Token"]
|
||
if not token or token == "" then
|
||
ngx.exit(401)
|
||
return
|
||
end
|
||
|
||
-- 验证 token（示例）
|
||
if token ~= "valid-token" then
|
||
ngx.exit(403)
|
||
return
|
||
end
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
**content.lua** - 动态响应：
|
||
|
||
```lua
|
||
-- 生成 JSON 响应
|
||
ngx.header["Content-Type"] = "application/json"
|
||
local response = {
|
||
status = "ok",
|
||
timestamp = os.time(),
|
||
request_id = ngx.var.request_id
|
||
}
|
||
ngx.say(require("cjson").encode(response))
|
||
ngx.exit(200)
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 安全限制
|
||
|
||
默认沙箱模式禁用以下 Lua 库：
|
||
- `os`（除 os.time）
|
||
- `io`
|
||
- `file`
|
||
|
||
可通过配置 `lua.sandbox: false` 启用完整库访问（生产环境不建议）。
|
||
|
||
### 动态负载均衡
|
||
|
||
使用 `balancer_by_lua` 实现动态后端选择：
|
||
|
||
```lua
|
||
-- 根据请求路径选择不同后端
|
||
local uri = ngx.var.uri
|
||
if string.match(uri, "^/api/") then
|
||
ngx.balancer.set_current_peer("api-backend", 8080)
|
||
elseif string.match(uri, "^/static/") then
|
||
ngx.balancer.set_current_peer("static-backend", 8080)
|
||
else
|
||
ngx.balancer.set_current_peer("default-backend", 8080)
|
||
end
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## 部署
|
||
|
||
### Docker
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
# 构建镜像
|
||
docker build -t lolly:latest .
|
||
|
||
# 运行容器
|
||
docker run -d \
|
||
--name lolly \
|
||
-p 80:80 \
|
||
-p 443:443 \
|
||
-p 443:443/udp \
|
||
-v /etc/lolly:/etc/lolly:ro \
|
||
-v /var/www:/var/www:ro \
|
||
-v /var/log/lolly:/var/log/lolly \
|
||
lolly:latest
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### Docker Compose
|
||
|
||
```yaml
|
||
version: '3'
|
||
services:
|
||
lolly:
|
||
image: lolly:latest
|
||
ports:
|
||
- "80:80"
|
||
- "443:443"
|
||
- "443:443/udp"
|
||
volumes:
|
||
- ./lolly.yaml:/etc/lolly/lolly.yaml:ro
|
||
- ./html:/var/www/html:ro
|
||
- ./logs:/var/log/lolly
|
||
restart: unless-stopped
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### systemd
|
||
|
||
创建 `/etc/systemd/system/lolly.service`：
|
||
|
||
```ini
|
||
[Unit]
|
||
Description=Lolly HTTP Server
|
||
After=network.target
|
||
|
||
[Service]
|
||
Type=simple
|
||
User=lolly
|
||
Group=lolly
|
||
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/lolly -c /etc/lolly/lolly.yaml
|
||
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
|
||
Restart=on-failure
|
||
LimitNOFILE=65535
|
||
|
||
[Install]
|
||
WantedBy=multi-user.target
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
# 安装服务
|
||
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
|
||
sudo systemctl enable lolly
|
||
sudo systemctl start lolly
|
||
|
||
# 管理服务
|
||
sudo systemctl reload lolly # 重载配置
|
||
sudo systemctl restart lolly # 重启服务
|
||
sudo systemctl status lolly # 查看状态
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## 监控
|
||
|
||
### 状态端点
|
||
|
||
访问 `/status`（需配置 `monitoring.status.allow` 白名单）：
|
||
|
||
```json
|
||
{
|
||
"connections": {
|
||
"active": 150,
|
||
"reading": 2,
|
||
"writing": 10,
|
||
"idle": 138
|
||
},
|
||
"requests": {
|
||
"total": 125000,
|
||
"current": 150,
|
||
"per_second": 1250
|
||
},
|
||
"traffic": {
|
||
"in_bytes": 1073741824,
|
||
"out_bytes": 5368709120
|
||
},
|
||
"upstreams": {
|
||
"backend1": {
|
||
"active": 50,
|
||
"healthy": true,
|
||
"total_requests": 80000
|
||
},
|
||
"backend2": {
|
||
"active": 30,
|
||
"healthy": true,
|
||
"total_requests": 45000
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
"cache": {
|
||
"file_cache": {
|
||
"entries": 5000,
|
||
"size_bytes": 134217728,
|
||
"hits": 85000,
|
||
"misses": 15000
|
||
},
|
||
"proxy_cache": {
|
||
"entries": 2000,
|
||
"hits": 70000,
|
||
"misses": 10000
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### pprof 端点
|
||
|
||
启用 `monitoring.pprof.enabled: true` 后访问：
|
||
|
||
- `/debug/pprof/` - pprof 索引
|
||
- `/debug/pprof/profile?seconds=30` - CPU profile
|
||
- `/debug/pprof/heap` - 内存分配
|
||
- `/debug/pprof/goroutine` - Goroutine 分析
|
||
- `/debug/pprof/block` - 阻塞分析
|
||
|
||
## 信号处理
|
||
|
||
| 信号 | 行为 |
|
||
|------|------|
|
||
| SIGTERM, SIGINT | 快速停止 |
|
||
| SIGQUIT | 优雅停止，等待请求完成 |
|
||
| SIGHUP | 重载配置 |
|
||
| SIGUSR1 | 重新打开日志文件 |
|
||
| SIGUSR2 | 热升级 |
|
||
|
||
## 性能
|
||
|
||
基于 fasthttp，相比标准 net/http 有显著性能提升：
|
||
|
||
- 避免不必要的内存分配（零分配设计）
|
||
- 优化的事件循环
|
||
- 高效的连接池管理
|
||
- 零拷贝传输（sendfile）
|
||
- Goroutine 池复用
|
||
|
||
### 基准测试
|
||
|
||
在 4 核 8GB 服务器上测试（使用 `internal/benchmark/tools/loadgen`）：
|
||
|
||
| 场景 | RPS | 平均延迟 | P99 延迟 |
|
||
|------|-----|----------|----------|
|
||
| 静态文件（1KB） | 120,000+ | 0.8ms | 3ms |
|
||
| 静态文件（100KB） | 15,000+ | 6ms | 25ms |
|
||
| 反向代理（无缓存） | 80,000+ | 1.2ms | 5ms |
|
||
| 反向代理（有缓存） | 150,000+ | 0.6ms | 2ms |
|
||
| WebSocket 连接 | 50,000 连接 | - | - |
|
||
|
||
### PGO 优化
|
||
|
||
支持 Profile-Guided Optimization 构建，可获得额外 5-15% 性能提升：
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
# 1. 启用 pprof 端点
|
||
# 2. 运行代表性工作负载
|
||
# 3. 收集 CPU profile
|
||
curl http://localhost:8080/debug/pprof/profile?seconds=30 > default.pgo
|
||
|
||
# 4. 使用 PGO 构建
|
||
make build-pgo
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 生产环境推荐配置
|
||
|
||
```yaml
|
||
performance:
|
||
goroutine_pool:
|
||
enabled: true
|
||
max_workers: 10000 # 根据 CPU 核数调整
|
||
min_workers: 100
|
||
idle_timeout: 60s
|
||
file_cache:
|
||
max_entries: 50000 # 根据内存调整
|
||
max_size: 268435456 # 256MB
|
||
transport:
|
||
idle_conn_timeout: 90s
|
||
max_conns_per_host: 500 # 根据后端容量调整
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
容量规划建议：
|
||
|
||
| 流量级别 | max_workers | file_cache.max_size | max_conns_per_host |
|
||
|----------|-------------|---------------------|--------------------|
|
||
| 低流量（<10K RPS） | 500 | 64MB | 100 |
|
||
| 中流量（10K-100K RPS） | 5000 | 256MB | 300 |
|
||
| 高流量（>100K RPS） | 10000 | 512MB | 500 |
|
||
|
||
## 与 NGINX 对比
|
||
|
||
| 特性 | Lolly | NGINX |
|
||
|------|-------|-------|
|
||
| HTTP/3 | 支持（quic-go） | 1.25+ 支持 |
|
||
| HTTP/2 | 支持（需 TLS） | 支持 |
|
||
| 配置格式 | YAML | 自定义 DSL |
|
||
| 热升级 | 支持 | 支持 |
|
||
| 扩展方式 | Go 代码/Lua | C 模块/Lua |
|
||
| 部署方式 | 单二进制 | 需安装 |
|
||
| TCP/UDP Stream | 支持 | 支持 |
|
||
| 代理缓存 | 支持（带锁） | 支持 |
|
||
| GeoIP | MaxMind GeoIP2 | GeoIP 模块 |
|
||
| 一致性哈希 | 支持（内置） | 需第三方模块 |
|
||
|
||
**Lolly 优势**：
|
||
- YAML 配置更易读、易于解析和生成
|
||
- 单二进制部署，无依赖
|
||
- Go 原生扩展，无需 C 编译环境
|
||
- 现代 Go 库生态系统
|
||
|
||
**NGINX 优势**：
|
||
- 经过大规模生产验证
|
||
- 丰富的第三方模块生态
|
||
- 更完整的功能集（邮件代理等）
|
||
|
||
### 从 NGINX 迁移
|
||
|
||
常见配置转换示例：
|
||
|
||
| NGINX | Lolly |
|
||
|-------|-------|
|
||
| `listen 80;` | `listen: ":80"` |
|
||
| `root /var/www/html;` | `root: "/var/www/html"` |
|
||
| `proxy_pass http://backend;` | `url: "http://backend"` |
|
||
| `proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;` | `set_request: { X-Real-IP: "$remote_addr" }` |
|
||
| `limit_req zone=one burst=10;` | `rate_limit: { request_rate: 100, burst: 10 }` |
|
||
| `ssl_certificate /path/cert.pem;` | `cert: "/path/cert.pem"` |
|
||
|
||
迁移注意事项：
|
||
1. 变量系统语法相同（$remote_addr 等）
|
||
2. try_files 语法兼容
|
||
3. Lua API 与 OpenResty 高度兼容
|
||
4. 健康检查配置略有差异
|
||
|
||
## 生产清单
|
||
|
||
### 安全加固
|
||
|
||
- [ ] 启用 TLS 1.2+，禁用 TLS 1.0/1.1
|
||
- [ ] 配置安全头部（HSTS、X-Frame-Options、CSP）
|
||
- [ ] 启用访问控制，限制管理端点访问
|
||
- [ ] 配置速率限制，防止 DDoS
|
||
- [ ] 启用请求体大小限制
|
||
- [ ] 配置 GeoIP 过滤（如需地区限制）
|
||
- [ ] 定期更新 TLS Session Tickets 密钥
|
||
|
||
### 配置验证
|
||
|
||
- [ ] 检查 `ssl.protocols` 仅包含 TLSv1.2/1.3
|
||
- [ ] 检查 `security.headers` 配置完整
|
||
- [ ] 检查 `monitoring.status.allow` 仅允许可信 IP
|
||
- [ ] 检查 `max_conns_per_ip` 合理限制
|
||
- [ ] 检查 `client_max_body_size` 符合业务需求
|
||
|
||
### 性能优化
|
||
|
||
- [ ] 启用 Goroutine 池
|
||
- [ ] 配置文件缓存
|
||
- [ ] 启用代理缓存（如适用）
|
||
- [ ] 配置连接池参数
|
||
- [ ] 调整文件缓存大小匹配可用内存
|
||
|
||
### 运维准备
|
||
|
||
- [ ] 配置日志轮转
|
||
- [ ] 测试热升级流程
|
||
- [ ] 测试优雅关闭超时
|
||
- [ ] 配置 systemd 服务
|
||
- [ ] 设置监控告警阈值
|
||
|
||
## 故障排除
|
||
|
||
### 常见问题
|
||
|
||
**启动失败：端口被占用**
|
||
```bash
|
||
# 检查端口占用
|
||
sudo lsof -i :80
|
||
sudo lsof -i :443
|
||
|
||
# 或更改监听端口
|
||
listen: ":8080"
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
**TLS 证书加载失败**
|
||
```bash
|
||
# 检查证书文件权限
|
||
ls -la /etc/ssl/certs/server.crt
|
||
ls -la /etc/ssl/private/server.key
|
||
|
||
# 确保证书格式正确（PEM）
|
||
openssl x509 -in /etc/ssl/certs/server.crt -text -noout
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
**代理超时**
|
||
```yaml
|
||
# 增加超时时间
|
||
timeout:
|
||
connect: 10s
|
||
read: 60s
|
||
write: 60s
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
**内存占用过高**
|
||
```yaml
|
||
# 减少缓存大小
|
||
file_cache:
|
||
max_entries: 10000
|
||
max_size: 67108864 # 64MB
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
**Lua 脚本超时**
|
||
```yaml
|
||
# 增加执行超时
|
||
lua:
|
||
timeout: 60s
|
||
max_concurrent: 500
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 调试模式
|
||
|
||
启用详细日志：
|
||
|
||
```yaml
|
||
logging:
|
||
error:
|
||
level: "debug"
|
||
access:
|
||
format: "combined"
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
查看实时日志：
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
# 查看错误日志
|
||
tail -f /var/log/lolly/error.log | jq .
|
||
|
||
# 查看访问日志
|
||
tail -f /var/log/lolly/access.log
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 健康检查
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
# 检查状态端点
|
||
curl http://localhost:8080/status | jq .
|
||
|
||
# 检查后端健康
|
||
curl http://localhost:8080/status | jq '.upstreams'
|
||
|
||
# 检查缓存命中率
|
||
curl http://localhost:8080/status | jq '.cache'
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## 开发
|
||
|
||
### 环境要求
|
||
|
||
- Go 1.26+
|
||
- make
|
||
|
||
### 命令
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
# 运行测试
|
||
make test
|
||
|
||
# 测试覆盖率
|
||
make test-cover
|
||
|
||
# 基准测试
|
||
make bench
|
||
|
||
# 基准测试（统计模式）
|
||
make bench-stat
|
||
|
||
# 对比基准结果
|
||
make bench-compare
|
||
|
||
# 代码检查
|
||
make check
|
||
|
||
# 格式化
|
||
make fmt
|
||
|
||
# 静态分析
|
||
make lint
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 项目统计
|
||
|
||
- Go 文件：110
|
||
- 测试文件：113
|
||
- 核心模块均有完整测试和性能基准测试
|
||
- 中文代码注释
|
||
|
||
## 依赖
|
||
|
||
| 库 | 版本 | 用途 |
|
||
|------|---------|------|
|
||
| [fasthttp](https://github.com/valyala/fasthttp) | v1.70.0 | HTTP 服务器核心 |
|
||
| [quic-go](https://github.com/quic-go/quic-go) | v0.59.0 | QUIC/HTTP/3 实现 |
|
||
| [zerolog](https://github.com/rs/zerolog) | v1.35.0 | 零分配 JSON 日志 |
|
||
| [gopher-lua](https://github.com/yuin/gopher-lua) | v1.1.2 | Lua 脚本引擎 |
|
||
| [klauspost/compress](https://github.com/klauspost/compress) | v1.18.5 | Gzip/Brotli 压缩 |
|
||
| [geoip2-golang](https://github.com/oschwald/geoip2-golang) | v1.13.0 | GeoIP 查询 |
|
||
|
||
## 许可证
|
||
|
||
MIT License
|
||
|
||
## 作者
|
||
|
||
xfy |