lolly/docs/config/lua/content-by-lua.conf

# ============================================================
# Nginx content_by_lua 内容生成配置示例
# ============================================================
#
# 功能说明:
# - 使用 Lua 动态生成响应
# - JSON API 实现
# - 模板渲染
#
# Lolly 对应配置:
# 可通过 Lua 沙箱实现动态内容生成
# ============================================================

http {
    lua_shared_dict cache 10m;

    server {
        listen 80;
        server_name content-lua.example.com;

        # 动态 JSON API
        location /api/status {
            content_by_lua_block {
                local cjson = require "cjson.safe"

                -- 构建响应数据
                local response = {
                    status = "ok",
                    timestamp = ngx.now(),
                    server = ngx.var.hostname,
                    workers = ngx.worker.count(),
                    connections = ngx.var.connections_active,
                }

                -- 设置响应头
                ngx.header["Content-Type"] = "application/json"
                ngx.header["Cache-Control"] = "no-cache"

                -- 输出 JSON
                ngx.say(cjson.encode(response))
            }
        }

        # 缓存的 API 响应
        location /api/cached {
            content_by_lua_block {
                local cjson = require "cjson.safe"
                local cache = ngx.shared.cache

                local cache_key = "api_data"
                local cached = cache:get(cache_key)

                if cached then
                    ngx.header["X-Cache"] = "HIT"
                    ngx.header["Content-Type"] = "application/json"
                    ngx.say(cached)
                    return
                end

                -- 模拟数据获取
                local data = {
                    items = {
                        {id = 1, name = "Item 1"},
                        {id = 2, name = "Item 2"},
                    },
                    generated = ngx.now(),
                }

                local json = cjson.encode(data)
                cache:set(cache_key, json, 60)  -- 缓存 60 秒

                ngx.header["X-Cache"] = "MISS"
                ngx.header["Content-Type"] = "application/json"
                ngx.say(json)
            }
        }

        # 健康检查端点
        location /health {
            content_by_lua_block {
                local health = {
                    status = "healthy",
                    checks = {}
                }

                -- 检查数据库连接（示例）
                local db_ok = true  -- 实际应检查数据库
                table.insert(health.checks, {
                    name = "database",
                    status = db_ok and "ok" or "error"
                })

                -- 检查缓存
                local cache = ngx.shared.cache
                table.insert(health.checks, {
                    name = "cache",
                    status = cache and "ok" or "error"
                })

                ngx.header["Content-Type"] = "application/json"
                ngx.say(require("cjson.safe").encode(health))
            }
        }

        # 表单处理
        location /api/form {
            content_by_lua_block {
                local cjson = require "cjson.safe"

                -- 读取请求体
                ngx.req.read_body()
                local body_data = ngx.req.get_body_data()

                if not body_data then
                    ngx.status = 400
                    ngx.say(cjson.encode({error = "No body data"}))
                    ngx.exit(400)
                end

                -- 解析 JSON
                local data = cjson.decode(body_data)
                if not data then
                    ngx.status = 400
                    ngx.say(cjson.encode({error = "Invalid JSON"}))
                    ngx.exit(400)
                end

                -- 处理数据
                local response = {
                    success = true,
                    received = data,
                    processed_at = ngx.now()
                }

                ngx.header["Content-Type"] = "application/json"
                ngx.say(cjson.encode(response))
            }
        }
    }
}

# content_by_lua 说明:
#
# 1. 执行时机:
#    - 在 access 阶段之后
#    - 用于生成响应内容
#    - 替代 proxy_pass 或静态文件
#
# 2. 常用操作:
#    - ngx.say(): 输出内容
#    - ngx.print(): 输出内容（无换行）
#    - ngx.exit(): 结束请求
#    - ngx.header[]: 设置响应头
#
# 3. JSON 处理:
#    - cjson.encode(table): 表转 JSON
#    - cjson.decode(string): JSON 转表
#    - cjson.safe 版本不会抛异常
#
# 4. 请求体处理:
#    - ngx.req.read_body(): 读取请求体
#    - ngx.req.get_body_data(): 获取请求体数据
#    - ngx.req.get_post_args(): 获取表单参数
#
# 5. 性能考虑:
#    - 使用共享字典缓存
#    - 避免阻塞操作
#    - 使用 cosocket 进行外部调用