test(e2e): 添加 E2E 测试工具包和配置

- 添加 testutil 容器管理工具（lolly/nginx）
- 添加测试配置文件（basic/proxy/ssl）
- 添加测试用 SSL 证书

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 <noreply@anthropic.com>

internal/e2e/certs/server.crt

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----

internal/e2e/certs/server.key

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----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+-----END PRIVATE KEY-----

internal/e2e/configs/basic.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# E2E 测试配置 - 基础 HTTP 服务器
+server:
+  listen: ":8080"
+
+static:
+  root: "/var/www/html"
+  index: "index.html"

internal/e2e/configs/proxy.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# E2E 测试配置 - 反向代理
+server:
+  listen: ":8080"
+
+proxy:
+  path: "/"
+  targets:
+    - url: "http://backend1:80"
+    - url: "http://backend2:80"
+  load_balance: "round_robin"

internal/e2e/configs/ssl.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# E2E 测试配置 - SSL/TLS 服务器
+server:
+  listen: ":8443"
+
+ssl:
+  enabled: true
+  cert: "/etc/lolly/certs/server.crt"
+  key: "/etc/lolly/certs/server.key"
+
+static:
+  root: "/var/www/html"
+  index: "index.html"

internal/e2e/testutil/certs.go

@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+//go:build e2e
+
+// Package testutil 提供 E2E 测试的工具函数。
+package testutil
+
+import (
+	"crypto/ecdsa"
+	"crypto/elliptic"
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"crypto/x509"
+	"crypto/x509/pkix"
+	"encoding/pem"
+	"fmt"
+	"math/big"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// GenerateSelfSignedCert 生成自签名证书和私钥。
+//
+// 返回证书路径、私钥路径、清理函数和错误。
+// 清理函数会删除生成的文件。
+func GenerateSelfSignedCert(tmpDir string) (certPath, keyPath string, cleanup func(), err error) {
+	// 生成 ECDSA 私钥
+	privateKey, err := ecdsa.GenerateKey(elliptic.P256(), rand.Reader)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", "", nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to generate private key: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// 生成序列号
+	serialNumber, err := rand.Int(rand.Reader, new(big.Int).Lsh(big.NewInt(1), 128))
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", "", nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to generate serial number: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// 创建证书模板
+	template := x509.Certificate{
+		SerialNumber: serialNumber,
+		Subject: pkix.Name{
+			Organization: []string{"Lolly E2E Test"},
+			CommonName:   "localhost",
+		},
+		NotBefore:             time.Now(),
+		NotAfter:              time.Now().Add(24 * time.Hour),
+		KeyUsage:              x509.KeyUsageKeyEncipherment | x509.KeyUsageDigitalSignature,
+		ExtKeyUsage:           []x509.ExtKeyUsage{x509.ExtKeyUsageServerAuth},
+		BasicConstraintsValid: true,
+		DNSNames:              []string{"localhost"},
+		IPAddresses:           nil,
+	}
+
+	// 生成证书
+	derBytes, err := x509.CreateCertificate(rand.Reader, &template, &template, &privateKey.PublicKey, privateKey)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", "", nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create certificate: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// 确保目录存在
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(tmpDir, 0o755); err != nil {
+		return "", "", nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create temp dir: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// 写入证书文件
+	certPath = filepath.Join(tmpDir, "cert.pem")
+	certFile, err := os.Create(certPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", "", nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create cert file: %w", err)
+	}
+	if err := pem.Encode(certFile, &pem.Block{Type: "CERTIFICATE", Bytes: derBytes}); err != nil {
+		certFile.Close()
+		return "", "", nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to write cert: %w", err)
+	}
+	certFile.Close()
+
+	// 写入私钥文件
+	keyPath = filepath.Join(tmpDir, "key.pem")
+	keyFile, err := os.Create(keyPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", "", nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create key file: %w", err)
+	}
+	privBytes, err := x509.MarshalECPrivateKey(privateKey)
+	if err != nil {
+		keyFile.Close()
+		return "", "", nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to marshal private key: %w", err)
+	}
+	if err := pem.Encode(keyFile, &pem.Block{Type: "EC PRIVATE KEY", Bytes: privBytes}); err != nil {
+		keyFile.Close()
+		return "", "", nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to write key: %w", err)
+	}
+	keyFile.Close()
+
+	// 清理函数
+	cleanup = func() {
+		os.Remove(certPath)
+		os.Remove(keyPath)
+	}
+
+	return certPath, keyPath, cleanup, nil
+}
+
+// GenerateCertPool 从证书文件创建 x509.CertPool。
+func GenerateCertPool(certPath string) (*x509.CertPool, error) {
+	certPEM, err := os.ReadFile(certPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read cert file: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	certPool := x509.NewCertPool()
+	if !certPool.AppendCertsFromPEM(certPEM) {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to append cert to pool")
+	}
+
+	return certPool, nil
+}
+
+// GenerateTLSConfig 生成客户端 TLS 配置，信任指定的证书。
+func GenerateTLSConfig(certPath string) (*TLSConfig, error) {
+	certPool, err := GenerateCertPool(certPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return &TLSConfig{
+		RootCAs: certPool,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// TLSConfig 简化的 TLS 配置。
+type TLSConfig struct {
+	RootCAs *x509.CertPool
+}

internal/e2e/testutil/concurrent.go

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+//go:build e2e
+
+// Package testutil 提供 E2E 测试的工具函数。
+package testutil
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// ConcurrentRequestConfig 并发请求配置。
+type ConcurrentRequestConfig struct {
+	URL        string
+	Count      int
+	Timeout    time.Duration
+	ExpectCode int
+}
+
+// ConcurrentRequestResult 并发请求结果。
+type ConcurrentRequestResult struct {
+	Index      int
+	StatusCode int
+	Error      error
+}
+
+// RunConcurrentRequests 运行并发请求并返回结果。
+//
+// 使用 sync.WaitGroup 实现真正的并发。
+// 返回所有请求的结果，包括状态码和错误。
+func RunConcurrentRequests(cfg ConcurrentRequestConfig) []ConcurrentRequestResult {
+	results := make([]ConcurrentRequestResult, cfg.Count)
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+
+	client := &http.Client{
+		Timeout: cfg.Timeout,
+	}
+
+	for i := 0; i < cfg.Count; i++ {
+		wg.Add(1)
+		go func(index int) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+
+			result := ConcurrentRequestResult{Index: index}
+
+			resp, err := client.Get(cfg.URL)
+			if err != nil {
+				result.Error = fmt.Errorf("request %d failed: %w", index, err)
+				results[index] = result
+				return
+			}
+
+			// 读取并丢弃响应体，确保连接可复用
+			io.Copy(io.Discard, resp.Body)
+			resp.Body.Close()
+
+			result.StatusCode = resp.StatusCode
+			results[index] = result
+		}(i)
+	}
+
+	wg.Wait()
+	return results
+}
+
+// VerifyConcurrentResults 验证并发请求结果。
+//
+// 检查所有请求是否返回预期状态码。
+// 返回失败的请求列表。
+func VerifyConcurrentResults(t *testing.T, results []ConcurrentRequestResult, expectCode int) []ConcurrentRequestResult {
+	var failures []ConcurrentRequestResult
+
+	for _, r := range results {
+		if r.Error != nil {
+			t.Logf("Request %d error: %v", r.Index, r.Error)
+			failures = append(failures, r)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if r.StatusCode != expectCode {
+			t.Logf("Request %d: expected %d, got %d", r.Index, expectCode, r.StatusCode)
+			failures = append(failures, r)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return failures
+}
+
+// RunAndVerifyConcurrentRequests 运行并发请求并验证结果。
+//
+// 组合 RunConcurrentRequests 和 VerifyConcurrentResults。
+// 如果有任何失败，返回错误列表。
+func RunAndVerifyConcurrentRequests(t *testing.T, cfg ConcurrentRequestConfig) []ConcurrentRequestResult {
+	results := RunConcurrentRequests(cfg)
+	failures := VerifyConcurrentResults(t, results, cfg.ExpectCode)
+	return failures
+}

internal/e2e/testutil/container.go

@@ -0,0 +1,255 @@
+//go:build e2e
+
+// Package testutil 提供 E2E 测试的工具函数。
+//
+// 包含容器管理、测试配置、等待工具等。
+//
+// 作者：xfy
+package testutil
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/testcontainers/testcontainers-go"
+	"github.com/testcontainers/testcontainers-go/wait"
+)
+
+// defaultLollyConfig 是 lolly 容器的默认配置。
+const defaultLollyConfig = `
+servers:
+  - listen: ":8080"
+    static:
+      - path: "/"
+        root: "/var/www/html"
+        index:
+          - "index.html"
+`
+
+// LollyContainer 封装 lolly 服务器容器。
+type LollyContainer struct {
+	Container testcontainers.Container
+	Host      string
+	HTTPPort  int
+	HTTPSPort int
+}
+
+// StartLollyContainer 启动 lolly 服务器容器。
+//
+// 使用预构建的 lolly 镜像。如果 configPath 为空，使用默认配置。
+func StartLollyContainer(ctx context.Context, configPath string) (*LollyContainer, error) {
+	req := testcontainers.ContainerRequest{
+		Image:        "lolly:latest",
+		ExposedPorts: []string{"8080/tcp", "8443/tcp"},
+		WaitingFor:   wait.ForLog("HTTP 服务器启动中").WithStartupTimeout(30 * time.Second),
+	}
+
+	// 配置文件挂载
+	if configPath != "" {
+		req.Mounts = []testcontainers.ContainerMount{
+			{
+				Source: testcontainers.GenericBindMountSource{
+					HostPath: configPath,
+				},
+				Target: "/etc/lolly/lolly.yaml",
+			},
+		}
+	} else {
+		// 使用内嵌默认配置
+		req.Files = []testcontainers.ContainerFile{
+			{
+				Reader:            strings.NewReader(defaultLollyConfig),
+				ContainerFilePath: "/etc/lolly/lolly.yaml",
+				FileMode:          0o644,
+			},
+		}
+	}
+
+	container, err := testcontainers.GenericContainer(ctx, testcontainers.GenericContainerRequest{
+		ContainerRequest: req,
+		Started:          true,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to start container: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	host, err := container.Host(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		container.Terminate(ctx)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get host: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	httpPort, err := container.MappedPort(ctx, "8080/tcp")
+	if err != nil {
+		container.Terminate(ctx)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get HTTP port: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	httpsPort, err := container.MappedPort(ctx, "8443/tcp")
+	if err != nil {
+		container.Terminate(ctx)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get HTTPS port: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// 解析端口数字
+	httpPortInt := parsePort(httpPort.Port())
+	httpsPortInt := parsePort(httpsPort.Port())
+
+	return &LollyContainer{
+		Container: container,
+		Host:      host,
+		HTTPPort:  httpPortInt,
+		HTTPSPort: httpsPortInt,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// parsePort 解析端口字符串为整数。
+func parsePort(portStr string) int {
+	var port int
+	fmt.Sscanf(portStr, "%d", &port)
+	return port
+}
+
+// HTTPBaseURL 返回 HTTP 基础 URL。
+func (c *LollyContainer) HTTPBaseURL() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("http://%s:%d", c.Host, c.HTTPPort)
+}
+
+// HTTPSBaseURL 返回 HTTPS 基础 URL。
+func (c *LollyContainer) HTTPSBaseURL() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("https://%s:%d", c.Host, c.HTTPSPort)
+}
+
+// Terminate 终止容器。
+func (c *LollyContainer) Terminate(ctx context.Context) error {
+	if c.Container != nil {
+		return c.Container.Terminate(ctx)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// WaitForHealthy 等待服务健康。
+func (c *LollyContainer) WaitForHealthy(ctx context.Context, timeout time.Duration) error {
+	client := &http.Client{Timeout: 5 * time.Second}
+	url := c.HTTPBaseURL()
+
+	deadline := time.Now().Add(timeout)
+	for time.Now().Before(deadline) {
+		resp, err := client.Get(url)
+		if err == nil {
+			resp.Body.Close()
+			if resp.StatusCode == 200 || resp.StatusCode == 404 {
+				// 200 或 404 都表示服务器正在运行
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		time.Sleep(500 * time.Millisecond)
+	}
+
+	return fmt.Errorf("service not healthy after %v", timeout)
+}
+
+// MockBackendContainer 启动一个模拟后端服务器容器。
+func MockBackendContainer(ctx context.Context, port int) (testcontainers.Container, string, error) {
+	req := testcontainers.ContainerRequest{
+		Image:        "nginx:alpine",
+		ExposedPorts: []string{fmt.Sprintf("%d/tcp", port)},
+		WaitingFor:   wait.ForHTTP("/").WithPort(fmt.Sprintf("%d/tcp", port)).WithStartupTimeout(30 * time.Second),
+	}
+
+	container, err := testcontainers.GenericContainer(ctx, testcontainers.GenericContainerRequest{
+		ContainerRequest: req,
+		Started:          true,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("failed to start mock backend: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	host, err := container.Host(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		container.Terminate(ctx)
+		return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("failed to get host: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	mappedPort, err := container.MappedPort(ctx, fmt.Sprintf("%d/tcp", port))
+	if err != nil {
+		container.Terminate(ctx)
+		return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("failed to get port: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	addr := fmt.Sprintf("http://%s:%s", host, mappedPort.Port())
+	return container, addr, nil
+}
+
+// DockerAvailable 检查 Docker 是否可用。
+func DockerAvailable(ctx context.Context) bool {
+	req := testcontainers.ContainerRequest{
+		Image:      "alpine:latest",
+		Cmd:        []string{"echo", "test"},
+		AutoRemove: true,
+	}
+
+	container, err := testcontainers.GenericContainer(ctx, testcontainers.GenericContainerRequest{
+		ContainerRequest: req,
+		Started:          true,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	container.Terminate(ctx)
+	return true
+}
+
+// LollyImageAvailable 检查 lolly:latest 镜像是否可用。
+func LollyImageAvailable(ctx context.Context) bool {
+	req := testcontainers.ContainerRequest{
+		Image:      "lolly:latest",
+		Cmd:        []string{"echo", "test"},
+		AutoRemove: true,
+	}
+
+	container, err := testcontainers.GenericContainer(ctx, testcontainers.GenericContainerRequest{
+		ContainerRequest: req,
+		Started:          true,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	container.Terminate(ctx)
+	return true
+}
+
+// StartNginxContainer 启动 nginx 容器，返回容器和访问地址。
+func StartNginxContainer(ctx context.Context) (testcontainers.Container, string, error) {
+	req := testcontainers.ContainerRequest{
+		Image:        "nginx:alpine",
+		ExposedPorts: []string{"80/tcp"},
+		WaitingFor:   wait.ForHTTP("/").WithStartupTimeout(30 * time.Second),
+	}
+
+	container, err := testcontainers.GenericContainer(ctx, testcontainers.GenericContainerRequest{
+		ContainerRequest: req,
+		Started:          true,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("failed to start nginx container: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	host, err := container.Host(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		container.Terminate(ctx)
+		return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("failed to get host: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	port, err := container.MappedPort(ctx, "80/tcp")
+	if err != nil {
+		container.Terminate(ctx)
+		return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("failed to get port: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	addr := fmt.Sprintf("http://%s:%s", host, port.Port())
+	return container, addr, nil
+}

internal/e2e/testutil/container_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+//go:build e2e
+
+// Package testutil 提供 E2E 测试的工具函数。
+//
+// 包含容器管理、测试配置、等待工具等。
+//
+// 作者：xfy
+package testutil
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// TestContainerSetup 测试容器基础设施。
+func TestContainerSetup(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 60*time.Second)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	// 检查 Docker 是否可用
+	if !DockerAvailable(ctx) {
+		t.Skip("Docker not available, skipping E2E tests")
+	}
+
+	t.Log("Docker is available for E2E tests")
+}
+
+// TestDockerAvailable 测试 Docker 可用性检查。
+func TestDockerAvailable(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 30*time.Second)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	available := DockerAvailable(ctx)
+	t.Logf("Docker available: %v", available)
+
+	// 不强制要求 Docker 可用，只是报告状态
+}
+
+// TestMockBackendContainer 测试模拟后端容器启动。
+func TestMockBackendContainer(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 60*time.Second)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	if !DockerAvailable(ctx) {
+		t.Skip("Docker not available")
+	}
+
+	container, addr, err := MockBackendContainer(ctx, 80)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to start mock backend: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer container.Terminate(ctx)
+
+	t.Logf("Mock backend started at: %s", addr)
+
+	if addr == "" {
+		t.Error("Expected non-empty address")
+	}
+}