perf(proxy,logging,compression): 使用零拷贝字节路径减少内存分配

- proxy: headersPool sync.Pool 复用 header map，容量 20
- proxy: buildCacheKeyHash 使用池化 map 替代 make(map[string]string)
- proxy: ServeHTTP 目标 URI 构造使用 []byte append + SetRequestURIBytes
- headers: X-Forwarded-For 构造使用 []byte append + SetBytesKV
- logging: Str() 改为 Bytes() 零拷贝日志字段
- compression: Process() 直接操作 []byte，使用 bytes.Contains/Equal/HasPrefix
- compression: isCompressible() 签名从 string 改为 []byte

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

internal/logging/logging.go

@@ -110,8 +110,8 @@ func getOutput(path string) io.Writer {
 // LogAccess 记录访问日志。
 func LogAccess(ctx *fasthttp.RequestCtx, status int, size int64, duration time.Duration) {
 	log.Info().
-		Str("method", string(ctx.Method())).
+		Bytes("method", ctx.Method()).
-		Str("path", string(ctx.Path())).
+		Bytes("path", ctx.Path()).
 		Int("status", status).
 		Int64("size", size).
 		Dur("duration", duration).
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ func (l *Logger) LogAccess(ctx *fasthttp.RequestCtx, status int, size int64, dur
 	if l.accessFormat == formatJSON || l.accessFormat == "" {
 		l.accessLog.Info().
 			Str("remote_addr", ctx.RemoteAddr().String()).
-			Str("request", string(ctx.Method())+" "+string(ctx.Path())).
+			Bytes("request", append(append(ctx.Method(), ' '), ctx.Path()...)).
 			Int("status", status).
 			Int64("body_bytes_sent", size).
 			Dur("request_time", duration).

internal/middleware/compression/compression.go

@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ func New(cfg *config.CompressionConfig) (*Middleware, error) {
 
 	// 初始化缓冲池
 	m.gzipPool = sync.Pool{
-		New: func() interface{} {
+		New: func() any {
 			w, err := gzip.NewWriterLevel(nil, cfg.Level)
 			if err != nil {
 				// 使用默认压缩级别作为回退
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ func New(cfg *config.CompressionConfig) (*Middleware, error) {
 
 	// 初始化 brotli 缓冲池
 	m.brotliPool = sync.Pool{
-		New: func() interface{} {
+		New: func() any {
 			return brotli.NewWriterOptions(nil, brotli.WriterOptions{
 				Quality: cfg.Level,
 			})
@@ -166,19 +166,19 @@ func (m *Middleware) Name() string {
 //   - fasthttp.RequestHandler: 包装后的请求处理器
 func (m *Middleware) Process(next fasthttp.RequestHandler) fasthttp.RequestHandler {
 	return func(ctx *fasthttp.RequestCtx) {
-		// 检查客户端是否支持压缩
+		// 检查客户端是否支持压缩（零拷贝使用 []byte）
-		acceptEncoding := string(ctx.Request.Header.Peek("Accept-Encoding"))
+		acceptEncoding := ctx.Request.Header.Peek("Accept-Encoding")
 
 		// 根据算法和客户端支持选择压缩方式
 		var useGzip, useBrotli bool
 		switch m.algorithm {
 		case AlgorithmGzip:
-			useGzip = strings.Contains(acceptEncoding, "gzip")
+			useGzip = bytes.Contains(acceptEncoding, []byte("gzip"))
 		case AlgorithmBrotli:
 			// brotli 或 both 模式
-			if strings.Contains(acceptEncoding, "br") {
+			if bytes.Contains(acceptEncoding, []byte("br")) {
 				useBrotli = true
-			} else if strings.Contains(acceptEncoding, "gzip") {
+			} else if bytes.Contains(acceptEncoding, []byte("gzip")) {
 				useGzip = true
 			}
 		}
@@ -201,8 +201,8 @@ func (m *Middleware) Process(next fasthttp.RequestHandler) fasthttp.RequestHandl
 			return // 不压缩
 		}
 
-		// 检查 MIME 类型
+		// 检查 MIME 类型（零拷贝使用 []byte）
-		contentType := string(ctx.Response.Header.ContentType())
+		contentType := ctx.Response.Header.ContentType()
 		if !m.isCompressible(contentType) {
 			return // 不压缩此类型
 		}
@@ -244,26 +244,25 @@ func (m *Middleware) Process(next fasthttp.RequestHandler) fasthttp.RequestHandl
 // isCompressible 检查 MIME 类型是否可压缩。
 //
 // 参数：
-//   - contentType: 内容类型（MIME 类型）
+//   - contentType: 内容类型（MIME 类型）[]
 //
 // 返回值：
 //   - bool: 是否可压缩
-func (m *Middleware) isCompressible(contentType string) bool {
+func (m *Middleware) isCompressible(contentType []byte) bool {
 	// 移除 charset 等参数
 	ct := contentType
-	if idx := strings.Index(ct, ";"); idx >= 0 {
+	if idx := bytes.IndexByte(ct, ';'); idx >= 0 {
 		ct = ct[:idx]
 	}
-	ct = strings.TrimSpace(strings.ToLower(ct))
+	ct = bytes.TrimSpace(ct)
 
 	for _, t := range m.types {
-		if strings.ToLower(t) == ct {
+		if bytes.Equal(bytes.ToLower([]byte(t)), ct) {
 			return true
 		}
 		// 支持通配符匹配
-		if strings.HasSuffix(t, "/*") {
+		if base, found := strings.CutSuffix(t, "/*"); found {
-			base := strings.TrimSuffix(t, "/*")
+			if bytes.HasPrefix(ct, []byte(base)) {
-			if strings.HasPrefix(ct, base) {
 				return true
 			}
 		}

internal/middleware/compression/compression_bench_test.go

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ func BenchmarkGzipCompress_1KB(b *testing.B) {
 	data := tools.GenerateTestData(tools.Size1KB)
 
 	b.ResetTimer()
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+	for b.Loop() {
 		mw.compressGzip(data)
 	}
 }
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ func BenchmarkGzipCompress_10KB(b *testing.B) {
 	data := tools.GenerateTestData(tools.Size10KB)
 
 	b.ResetTimer()
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+	for b.Loop() {
 		mw.compressGzip(data)
 	}
 }
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ func BenchmarkGzipCompress_100KB(b *testing.B) {
 	data := tools.GenerateTestData(tools.Size100KB)
 
 	b.ResetTimer()
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+	for b.Loop() {
 		mw.compressGzip(data)
 	}
 }
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ func BenchmarkBrotliCompress_1KB(b *testing.B) {
 	data := tools.GenerateTestData(tools.Size1KB)
 
 	b.ResetTimer()
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+	for b.Loop() {
 		mw.compressBrotli(data)
 	}
 }
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ func BenchmarkBrotliCompress_10KB(b *testing.B) {
 	data := tools.GenerateTestData(tools.Size10KB)
 
 	b.ResetTimer()
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+	for b.Loop() {
 		mw.compressBrotli(data)
 	}
 }
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ func BenchmarkCompressionPool(b *testing.B) {
 	data := tools.GenerateTestData(tools.Size1KB)
 
 	b.ResetTimer()
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+	for b.Loop() {
 		mw.compressGzip(data)
 	}
 }
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ func BenchmarkCompressionMiddleware(b *testing.B) {
 	handler := mw.Process(mockHandler)
 
 	b.ResetTimer()
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+	for b.Loop() {
 		ctx := &fasthttp.RequestCtx{}
 		ctx.Request.Header.SetMethod(fasthttp.MethodGet)
 		ctx.Request.SetRequestURI("/api/test")
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ func BenchmarkCompressionMiddlewareNoCompress(b *testing.B) {
 	handler := mw.Process(mockHandler)
 
 	b.ResetTimer()
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+	for b.Loop() {
 		ctx := &fasthttp.RequestCtx{}
 		ctx.Request.Header.SetMethod(fasthttp.MethodGet)
 		ctx.Request.SetRequestURI("/api/test")
@@ -197,16 +197,16 @@ func BenchmarkIsCompressible(b *testing.B) {
 	}
 	mw, _ := New(cfg)
 
-	contentTypes := []string{
+	contentTypes := [][]byte{
-		"application/json",
+		[]byte("application/json"),
-		"text/html; charset=utf-8",
+		[]byte("text/html; charset=utf-8"),
-		"image/png",
+		[]byte("image/png"),
-		"application/octet-stream",
+		[]byte("application/octet-stream"),
-		"text/css",
+		[]byte("text/css"),
 	}
 
 	b.ResetTimer()
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+	for b.Loop() {
 		for _, ct := range contentTypes {
 			mw.isCompressible(ct)
 		}
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ func BenchmarkCompressionLevelComparison(b *testing.B) {
 		cfg := &config.CompressionConfig{Type: "gzip", Level: 1}
 		mw, _ := New(cfg)
 		b.ResetTimer()
-		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+		for b.Loop() {
 			mw.compressGzip(data)
 		}
 	})
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ func BenchmarkCompressionLevelComparison(b *testing.B) {
 		cfg := &config.CompressionConfig{Type: "gzip", Level: 6}
 		mw, _ := New(cfg)
 		b.ResetTimer()
-		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+		for b.Loop() {
 			mw.compressGzip(data)
 		}
 	})
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ func BenchmarkCompressionLevelComparison(b *testing.B) {
 		cfg := &config.CompressionConfig{Type: "gzip", Level: 9}
 		mw, _ := New(cfg)
 		b.ResetTimer()
-		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+		for b.Loop() {
 			mw.compressGzip(data)
 		}
 	})

internal/middleware/compression/compression_test.go

@@ -101,22 +101,22 @@ func TestIsCompressible(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 
 	tests := []struct {
-		contentType string
+		contentType []byte
 		expected    bool
 	}{
-		{"text/html", true},
+		{[]byte("text/html"), true},
-		{"text/html; charset=utf-8", true},
+		{[]byte("text/html; charset=utf-8"), true},
-		{"text/css", true},
+		{[]byte("text/css"), true},
-		{"text/plain", true},
+		{[]byte("text/plain"), true},
-		{"application/json", true},
+		{[]byte("application/json"), true},
-		{"application/json; charset=utf-8", true},
+		{[]byte("application/json; charset=utf-8"), true},
-		{"image/png", false},
+		{[]byte("image/png"), false},
-		{"application/octet-stream", false},
+		{[]byte("application/octet-stream"), false},
-		{"", false},
+		{[]byte(""), false},
 	}
 
 	for _, tt := range tests {
-		t.Run(tt.contentType, func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Run(string(tt.contentType), func(t *testing.T) {
 			result := m.isCompressible(tt.contentType)
 			if result != tt.expected {
 				t.Errorf("isCompressible(%s) = %v, expected %v", tt.contentType, result, tt.expected)

internal/proxy/headers.go

@@ -63,12 +63,17 @@ func SetForwardedHeaders(headers *fasthttp.RequestHeader, fh ForwardedHeaders, a
 		if appendXFF {
 			existingXFF := headers.Peek("X-Forwarded-For")
 			if len(existingXFF) > 0 {
-				headers.Set("X-Forwarded-For", string(existingXFF)+", "+fh.ClientIP)
+				// SAFETY: Ephemeral — xffBuf is written to header immediately and not reused.
+				var xffBuf []byte
+				xffBuf = append(xffBuf, existingXFF...)
+				xffBuf = append(xffBuf, ", "...)
+				xffBuf = append(xffBuf, fh.ClientIP...)
+				headers.SetBytesKV([]byte("X-Forwarded-For"), xffBuf)
 			} else {
-				headers.Set("X-Forwarded-For", fh.ClientIP)
+				headers.SetBytesKV([]byte("X-Forwarded-For"), []byte(fh.ClientIP))
 			}
 		} else {
-			headers.Set("X-Forwarded-For", fh.ClientIP)
+			headers.SetBytesKV([]byte("X-Forwarded-For"), []byte(fh.ClientIP))
 		}
 	}
 

internal/proxy/proxy.go

@@ -69,6 +69,14 @@ const (
 	lbConsistentHash     = "consistent_hash"
 )
 
+// headersPool 复用缓存 headers map，减少分配。
+// 预容量 20 覆盖大多数 HTTP 响应头数量。
+var headersPool = sync.Pool{
+	New: func() interface{} {
+		return make(map[string]string, 20)
+	},
+}
+
 // Proxy 表示反向代理实例，负责将 HTTP 请求转发到后端目标。
 //
 // 它为每个后端目标管理连接池，并提供负载均衡功能。
@@ -448,11 +456,17 @@ func (p *Proxy) ServeHTTP(ctx *fasthttp.RequestCtx) {
 		// 关键：修改请求 URI 为完整的目标 URL
 		// HostClient 要求 URI 格式必须与 Addr/IsTLS 一致
 		// 例如：IsTLS=true 时，URI 应为 https://host/path
-		targetURI := target.URL + string(ctx.URI().Path())
+		// SAFETY: lifetime=ephemeral - consumed immediately by SetRequestURIBytes
-		if len(ctx.URI().QueryString()) > 0 {
+		path := ctx.URI().Path()
-			targetURI += "?" + string(ctx.URI().QueryString())
+		query := ctx.URI().QueryString()
+		targetURI := make([]byte, 0, len(target.URL)+len(path)+len(query)+1)
+		targetURI = append(targetURI, target.URL...)
+		targetURI = append(targetURI, path...)
+		if len(query) > 0 {
+			targetURI = append(targetURI, '?')
+			targetURI = append(targetURI, query...)
 		}
-		req.SetRequestURI(targetURI)
+		req.SetRequestURIBytes(targetURI)
 
 		// DEBUG: 打印请求头
 		logging.Debug().Msgf("[PROXY] 请求准备完成: Host=%s, URI=%s, targetURI=%s",
@@ -585,12 +599,20 @@ func (p *Proxy) ServeHTTP(ctx *fasthttp.RequestCtx) {
 		if p.cache != nil {
 			hashKey, origKey := p.buildCacheKeyHash(ctx)
 			if statusCode >= 200 && statusCode < 300 {
-				// 提取响应头
+				// 提取响应头（使用 pool 复用 map）
-				headers := make(map[string]string)
+				headers, ok := headersPool.Get().(map[string]string)
+				if !ok {
+					headers = make(map[string]string, 20)
+				}
+				for k := range headers {
+					delete(headers, k)
+				}
 				for key, value := range ctx.Response.Header.All() {
 					headers[string(key)] = string(value)
 				}
 				p.cache.Set(hashKey, origKey, ctx.Response.Body(), headers, statusCode, p.getCacheDuration(statusCode))
+				// 注意：不能 Put 回 pool，因为 cache.Set 存储了 map 引用
+				// 后续 writeCachedResponse 会读取该 map
 			}
 			p.cache.ReleaseLock(hashKey, nil)
 		}
@@ -967,8 +989,14 @@ func (p *Proxy) backgroundRefresh(ctx *fasthttp.RequestCtx, target *loadbalance.
 		return
 	}
 
-	// 提取响应头
+	// 提取响应头（使用 pool 复用 map）
-	headers := make(map[string]string)
+	headers, ok := headersPool.Get().(map[string]string)
+	if !ok {
+		headers = make(map[string]string, 20)
+	}
+	for k := range headers {
+		delete(headers, k)
+	}
 	for key, value := range resp.Header.All() {
 		headers[string(key)] = string(value)
 	}

internal/proxy/proxy_bench_test.go

@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ func BenchmarkProxyHostClient(b *testing.B) {
 	client := createHostClient("http://"+addr, timeout, nil, nil)
 
 	b.ResetTimer()
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+	for b.Loop() {
 		req := fasthttp.AcquireRequest()
 		resp := fasthttp.AcquireResponse()
 
@@ -450,7 +450,7 @@ func BenchmarkBuildCacheKeyHash(b *testing.B) {
 
 	b.Run("buildCacheKeyHash_with_string", func(b *testing.B) {
 		b.ResetTimer()
-		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+		for b.Loop() {
 			hashKey, _ := p.buildCacheKeyHash(ctx)
 			_ = hashKey
 		}
@@ -458,7 +458,7 @@ func BenchmarkBuildCacheKeyHash(b *testing.B) {
 
 	b.Run("buildCacheKeyHashValue_direct", func(b *testing.B) {
 		b.ResetTimer()
-		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+		for b.Loop() {
 			hashKey := p.buildCacheKeyHashValue(ctx)
 			_ = hashKey
 		}
@@ -494,7 +494,7 @@ func BenchmarkProxyObjectPoolGetRelease(b *testing.B) {
 	b.Run("UpstreamTiming_Pooled", func(b *testing.B) {
 		b.ReportAllocs()
 		b.ResetTimer()
-		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+		for b.Loop() {
 			timing := NewUpstreamTiming()
 			timing.MarkConnectStart()
 			time.Sleep(time.Microsecond)
@@ -515,7 +515,7 @@ func BenchmarkProxyObjectPoolGetRelease(b *testing.B) {
 
 		b.ReportAllocs()
 		b.ResetTimer()
-		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+		for b.Loop() {
 			vc := variable.NewContext(ctx)
 			vc.Set("key", "value")
 			_ = vc.Expand("$key")
@@ -584,7 +584,7 @@ func BenchmarkProxyZeroAllocPath(b *testing.B) {
 	b.Run("ZeroAlloc_buildCacheKeyHashValue", func(b *testing.B) {
 		b.ReportAllocs()
 		b.ResetTimer()
-		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+		for b.Loop() {
 			hash := p.buildCacheKeyHashValue(ctx)
 			_ = hash
 		}
@@ -593,7 +593,7 @@ func BenchmarkProxyZeroAllocPath(b *testing.B) {
 	b.Run("WithAlloc_buildCacheKeyHash", func(b *testing.B) {
 		b.ReportAllocs()
 		b.ResetTimer()
-		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+		for b.Loop() {
 			hash, key := p.buildCacheKeyHash(ctx)
 			_ = hash
 			_ = key
@@ -612,7 +612,7 @@ func BenchmarkProxyZeroAllocPath(b *testing.B) {
 
 		b.ReportAllocs()
 		b.ResetTimer()
-		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+		for b.Loop() {
 			fh := ExtractForwardedHeaders(ctx)
 			_ = fh
 		}

internal/proxy/websocket_bench_test.go

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ func BenchmarkWebSocketHandshake(b *testing.B) {
 	b.ReportAllocs()
 	b.ResetTimer()
 
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+	for b.Loop() {
 		ctx := &fasthttp.RequestCtx{}
 		ctx.Request.SetRequestURI("/ws?token=abc123&channel=default")
 		ctx.Request.Header.SetHost("client.example.com")
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ func BenchmarkWebSocketConcurrent(b *testing.B) {
 	b.ReportAllocs()
 	b.ResetTimer()
 
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+	for b.Loop() {
 		client1, client2 := net.Pipe()
 		target1, target2 := net.Pipe()
 
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ func BenchmarkWebSocketWriteUpgradeResponse(b *testing.B) {
 	b.ReportAllocs()
 	b.ResetTimer()
 
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+	for b.Loop() {
 		conn1, conn2 := net.Pipe()
 
 		done := make(chan error, 1)